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Altona is a western suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 13 km south-west of Melbourne's central business district.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Altona )〕 Its local government area is the City of Hobsons Bay. At the , Altona had a population of 9,918. Altona is a large suburb consisting of low density residential in the south-eastern half, with mixed industry in the north-western half. A key feature is Altona Beach on Port Phillip, which is one of only two swimming beaches in the western suburbs (the other being Williamstown Beach). Altona takes its name from the then independent German city of Altona〔Kennedy, B: ''Australian Place Names'', page 5. ABC Books, 2006〕 which is today a borough of Hamburg. ==History== Prior to arrival of Europeans, the Altona area was home to Kurung-Jang-Balluk Aboriginal people, of the Woiwurrung clan. Altona was first permanently settled in 1842, with the construction of The Homestead by Alfred Langhorne. The name 'Altona' first appeared on maps in 1861.〔 It was named by a German man named Taegtow, who hailed from Altona in Hamburg. Taegtow believed that coal was to be found in the area, and in 1881 he formed the Williamstown (Taegtow) Prospecting Company.〔 From 1886 housing in the Altona and Merton Street estates was sold, and by 1901 the Victorian Government owned an explosives reserve in the west of Altona. On 20 February 1911 J J Hammond flew the first cross country flight between towns in Australia from Altona Bay to Geelong in Victoria, and on 23 February, also at Altona Bay in Victoria, he undertook the first powered passenger flight in Australia. Coal mining formed the basis of the local economy from 1908 to 1919; however, this was brought to an end in 1930 when open cut mining was developed in the Latrobe Valley. By 1918 the population was sufficient to justify a Post Office which opened on 14 January 1918. Similar to the rest of Melbourne, following the Second World War Altona embraced a large influx of immigrants, primarily from the Mediterranean, Central Europe and a smaller number from the Middle East. From 1862 Altona was a town in the Shire of Werribee, but in 1957, the Altona Riding of the Shire, which included Altona itself as well as Altona North and Altona Meadows, was annexed, and became the City of Altona in 1968.〔 Accessed at State Library of Victoria, La Trobe Reading Room.〕 This was merged into the City of Hobsons Bay in June 1994 under local government amalgamations undertaken by the Kennett government. On 24 June 2010, Altona became home to Australia's first female Prime Minister. Julia Gillard, an Altona resident, who was voted by the governing Australian Labor Party as its leader, making her Australia's 27th Prime Minister. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Altona, Victoria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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